Memory Issue during Compilation

TODO: collapasable, copyable, download, etc

I'm trying to build my Rust program on a server. Why did this fail?

    Updating crates.io index
  Downloaded md5 v0.7.0
  Downloaded 1 crate (6.7 KB) in 0.93s
   Compiling md5 v0.7.0
   Compiling estate-auction v0.1.0 (/home/ubuntu/estate-auction)
error: linking with `cc` failed: exit status: 1
  |
  = note: LC_ALL="C" PATH="/home/ubuntu/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin:/home/ubuntu/.bun/bin:/home/ubuntu/.cargo/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin" VSLANG="1033" "cc" "-m64" "/tmp/rustcYcsVIa/symbols.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.141ql7gva1vmjavu.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.14h9nydvkwniput3.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.15gub5c1k3xid0a0.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.16qtuftv038x3kfz.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.16ukrfwbwr5y32j8.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1cfn5knhxkd02hhf.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1cos9wsh8k91litt.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1cqp6xym7xhohjto.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1d470r8qgzgpdw3.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1de8df0qydst5m7w.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1dwedrqfmtgmox76.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1ejjgkx7h7ejofdm.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1elwhb4og0lp61oh.rcgu.o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70.1giyfhydo2xwawko.rcgu.o"  ...  _64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liblibc-285425b7cea12024.rlib" "/home/ubuntu/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liballoc-38694d775e998991.rlib" "/home/ubuntu/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_std_workspace_core-914eb40be05d8663.rlib" "/home/ubuntu/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcore-27094fcca7e14863.rlib" "/home/ubuntu/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcompiler_builtins-919e055b306699ae.rlib" "-Wl,-Bdynamic" "-lgcc_s" "-lutil" "-lrt" "-lpthread" "-lm" "-ldl" "-lc" "-Wl,--eh-frame-hdr" "-Wl,-z,noexecstack" "-L" "/home/ubuntu/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" "-o" "/home/ubuntu/estate-auction/target/debug/deps/estate_auction-1db96004752fcb70" "-Wl,--gc-sections" "-pie" "-Wl,-z,relro,-z,now" "-nodefaultlibs"
  = note: collect2: fatal error: ld terminated with signal 9 [Killed]
          compilation terminated.```The error you're seeing is a linking error. The critical part of the error message is this:

collect2: fatal error: ld terminated with signal 9 [Killed]

This means that the linker (`ld`) was killed with a `SIGKILL` signal, usually indicating that it ran out of memory.

Here are a few potential solutions:

1. **Increase Available Memory**: If you're running this on a virtual machine or cloud instance, consider allocating more memory to the instance.

2. **Enable Swap**: If you don't have a swap space set up, consider setting one up. A swap space can provide additional virtual memory to the system by using disk space. Keep in mind, however, that using swap is much slower than using RAM, but it can be a temporary solution to get past this error.
   
   To create and enable swap:
   ```bash
   sudo fallocate -l 2G /swapfile
   sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
   sudo mkswap /swapfile
   sudo swapon /swapfile

Add the following line to /etc/fstab to make the change permanent:

/swapfile none swap sw 0 0

3. Optimize Your Code: If your program has grown significantly, consider revisiting your dependencies or code to see if there are any optimizations you can make to reduce the memory footprint during the build process.

4. Build in Release Mode: Debug builds can sometimes be more memory-intensive than release builds. Try building in release mode with cargo build --release to see if the problem persists.

5. Incremental Compilation: Rust uses incremental compilation by default, which speeds up subsequent builds but can use more memory. You can disable incremental compilation by setting the environment variable CARGO_INCREMENTAL=0 before building:

   CARGO_INCREMENTAL=0 cargo build
   

6. Check for Other Running Processes: Ensure that there aren't other memory-intensive processes running on the server that might be causing the out-of-memory condition. You can use tools like top or htop to check the memory usage of running processes.

Remember that if you're consistently running out of memory during builds, it's a good idea to consider upgrading your server or development environment to have more RAM. This will not only solve this issue but also potentially speed up your builds and other tasks.

Memory Issue during Compilation created at Tue Jan 20 1970 15:17:06 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)